PROGRAM POLICY IMPLEMENTATION COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND EMPOWERMENT ( PRO BEBAYA ) IN SAMARINDA CITY

ABSTRACT


INTRODUCTION
Development is a process of change in regional development.This concerns the development of the community as a whole.Hence, Village Fund program the government hopes that the community participates and socializes with each other working together towards a better change than before and the community is directly involved in development to be able to compete.
Village Funds are funds sourced from the State Budget intended for urban villages, which are transferred through the City Regional Budget (Faouziyah & Salim, 2020;Udjianto et al., 2021).This fund is used to finance the administration of government, the implementation of development, community development, and the empowerment of village communities (Hermawan, 2019;Tuanaya et al., 2020) Empowerment which is an Additional General Allocation Fund provided by the Central Government to all Sub-district in Indonesia except for urban villages in DKI Jakarta Province.This Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Regulates the Activities of: 1) Development of Village Facilities and Infrastructure.This activity is used to finance social services that have a direct impact on improving the quality of life of the community; and 2) Community Empowerment in Sub-district.This activity is used to increase the capacity and capability of the community in the Village by utilizing their own potential and resources.Furthermore, it is also expected that an independent Village will be realized where: 1) Sub-district is not just an object of beneficiaries, but as a subject of beneficiaries for local community residents; 2) As a component of sub-district has a sense of community and movement to develop local assets as a source of livelihood and livelihood for community residents; 3) Sub-district has the ability to produce and meet the needs and interests of the local community such as food, energy, basic services, and others.As a long-term goal, sub-district is able to provide employment, provide sources of income for the community and generate adequate amounts of original village income.The village government must take action from a central government policy that has rolled out the Village Fund as a stimulus for village development in a fair and equitable manner in development (Wiratama et al., 2023).The role of the government in developing urban villages is very important where the government is the main implementing unit in development which will be assisted by several other institutions such as the Village Community Empowerment Institute (LPMK) and Community Groups (Pokmas) as well as village communities (Suwarno & Wahyu, 2019) Village Fund is a form of Government service to the community and focuses on the development of facilities and infrastructure, and community empowerment (Adhinata et al., 2020;Imawan & Purwanto, 2020).The Village Fund focuses on increasing the acceleration of equitable distribution of facilities and infrastructure development as well as community empowerment in Sub-district to be able to support community welfare (Ambarriani et al., 2020;Karim et al., 2021).Increasing the development of village facilities and infrastructure in Samarinda Ilir District evenly in accordance with the needs of the village through optimizing the use of Village Funds, by conducting Development Planning Deliberation from the village (Musrenbang Sub-district), implementing, supervising, and reporting the results of the use of Village Funds for the development.Meanwhile, the implementation of village community empowerment in Samarinda Ilir District includes training for the activity management team, sewing training for mothers, computer training for young people and other entrepreneurial activities.The utilization of village funds in improving the economy of the village community is largely determined from the policies taken by the village apparatus during the Village Development Planning Deliberation held at the beginning of each year (Saputra et al., 2019).
For The implementation of Pro Bebaya is carried out through physical (infrastructure) and community empowerment related to village development indicators including transportation level, education level, health level, and increased production.The implementation of the village government will be carried out optimally if it is followed by the provision of financial resources whose size is aligned with the implementation of government activities and the demands of community needs, as done by the current leading Government, which provides to the Village Government to advance their respective regions with Pro Bebaya.Because funds are a supporting factor in village development, the implementation of Pro Bebaya requires perceptions from the leadership and the village community to see the extent of the implementation of the Pro Bebaya considering the purpose of the Pro Bebaya by the City Government is to finance the Village Government's program in implementing Infrastructure Development and Community Empowerment in Sub-district.
Before the existence of Pro Bebaya, in Samarinda City itself it was felt that these two activities were very slow due to limited funds and also limited numbers (roads and drainage for development activities and the number of people fostered in community empowerment activities) that could be carried out in 1 year.This can be seen from the community's proposal at the Village Level Development Plan Deliberation (Musrenbang), which always proposes the same community development and empowerment activities every time a Development Plan Deliberation (Musrenbang) is held in the Village.So that with the existence of Pro Bebaya, it is hoped that these two activities are expected to be carried out faster, evenly and can further prosper the community.This is the challenge that the government currently has to achieve in implementing the Pro Bebaya.
The Samarinda City Government in implementing Pro Bebaya, in accordance with Samarinda Mayor Regulation Number 11 of 2022 concerning Community Development and Empowerment Programs (Pro Bebaya), uses a Type IV Self-Management system, where Village Facilities and Infrastructure Development Activities and Community Empowerment in Villages for Fiscal Year 2022 Type IV Self-management is planned by the Regional Apparatus in charge of the budget and/or based on the proposal of the Community Group (in this case Lurah as the Power of Budget User plans the activities to be carried out in Pro Bebaya starting from the Village Musrenbang which will then be discussed up to the City Musrenbang level), and carried out by the implementing Community Group/organizer of the Self-Management.Self-management organizers are determined by the leadership of the Self-Management Implementing Community Group.This community group is directly elected by the village community through elections facilitated by the local village government and the selected community group only works until the end of the fiscal year (only 1 fiscal year) and can then be re-elected through an early election procedure.Interdisciplinary Social Studies, 2(7), Apr 2023The Pro Bebaya policy is expected to encourage the implementation of village autonomy, as well as an effort to empower the village government and the village community as well as increase community self-help.However, here another problem is found when community institutions should appear as parties that are the drivers and drivers of community activities, especially those that lead to empowerment or improvement of the quality of life of the community, actually do not function optimally because there is still a lack of understanding related to the procedures for procurement of goods/services to the administration of expenditures and tax administration, not to mention related to making a Cost Budget Plan (RAB).Other problems that arise in Pro Bebaya are not only from the community, but the Village Government itself as a regulator at the Sub-district level but also found problems in the implementation of this program.Most of the Government Apparatus in the village still do not fully master Pro Bebaya.This is because, the complexity of the new rules, spending patterns and the subject of financial responsibility formed still sound familiar, such as the existence of the Power of Budget User, Auxiliary Financial Administration Officer, and Assistant Expenditure Treasurer, where the subject of financial responsibility has never existed in the village so far.
Based on the description above, the author is interested in conducting a research entitled "Implementation of Community Development and Empowerment Program Policy (Pro Bebaya) in Samarinda City".

METHOD
The type of research used by researchers in this study is qualitative research.The research approach used to uncover reasonable and good situations and backgrounds according to Miles and Huberman (1992) is a qualitative approach.The focus of research in this study includes: 1) Implementation of Community Development and Empowerment Program Policy (Pro Bebaya) in Sungai Dama Village, Samarinda Ilir District, Samarinda City, with input, process, output, and outcome indicators.

2) Factors affecting the Implementation of Community Development and Empowerment
Program (Pro Bebaya) Policy in Dama River Village, Samarinda Ilir District, Samarinda City, with indicators of supporting factors and inhibiting factors.In determining informants, researchers use the purposive sampling method.As a first step, researchers chose Lurah at Sungai Dama Village Office, Samarinda Ilir District, Samarinda City, as a key informant.As for informants, including the Head of the Economic Development Section and the Head of the Community Empowerment Welfare Section at the Dama River Village Office, Samarinda Ilir District, Samarinda City, as well as several members of Community Groups (Pokmas) in the Dama River Village area, Samarinda Ilir District, Samarinda City, as informants.Researchers determine the number of informants based on the level of data saturation, meaning that if the information obtained by researchers from the community is repeated and there is no significant difference in information, then the process of collecting information as data, is considered complete.In addition, researchers also use various relevant documents as data sources.
Data collection techniques in this study are interviews, participatory observations, and documentation studies.Data analysis techniques in this study consist of 4 components, namely data collection, data simplification, data presentation, and conclusions.The human resources available for the implementation of the Community Development and Empowerment Program (Pro Bebaya) include village officials and community groups.The Village includes Lurah as the Power of Budget User, the Lurah Secretary as the Assistant Financial Administration Officer, the Civil Service Staff as the Treasurer of Auxiliary Expenditure, as well as the Head of the Economic Development Section and the Head of the Welfare and Community Empowerment Section as the Technical Implementation Officer of Activities.Meanwhile, the Community Group (Pokmas) consists of the Head of Pokmas, the Preparatory Team, the Implementation Team, and the Supervisory Team.

Process
The process related to the Community Development and Empowerment Program (Pro Bebaya) in Sungai Dama Village, Samarinda Ilir District, Samarinda City is related to the procedures carried out starting from planning, budgeting, to the evaluation stage.
At the planning stage, socialization as well as budget setting is carried out.At the budgeting stage, an agreement was made between the Sub-District as the Budget User (PA) and the Head of Pokmas regarding the required budget which agreement was stated in the Memorandum of Understanding as well as the signing of the Integrity Fact, for further Type IV Self-Management Contract to be made between the Lurah as the Power of Budget User (KPA) and the Head of the Pokmas.At the evaluation stage, reporting and accountability for the use of Pro Bebaya funds are carried out.

Output
The output related to the Community Development and Empowerment Program (Pro Bebaya) in Sungai Dama Village, Samarinda Ilir District, Samarinda City is related to the activities carried out, both for Village Facilities and Infrastructure Development Activities and Community Empowerment in Sub-district, where for Village Facilities and Infrastructure Development activities include road cementization activities, drainage improvements, to rehabilitation of public facilities.The community empowerment activities in the village include courses and training activities.
. Village funds are allocated from the State Budget based on Article 9 Paragraph 2 Letter b of Law Nomor 73 of 2005 concerning Villages.Based on the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 130 of 2018 concerning Village Facilities and Infrastructure Development Activities and Village Community

. Minister of Finance Regulation No mor 187 of 2018 concerning Procedures for Disbursement of Additional General Allocation Funds for Fiscal Year 2019 provides directions for improvement of Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Nomor 130 Tahun 2018 concerning Village Facilities and Infrastructure Development Activities and Village Community Empowerment.
Samarinda City itself, for example, in 2022, the Village Fund is packaged in a program called Pro Bebaya which is an acronym for Community Development and Empowerment Program.The legal basis for the implementation of Pro Bebaya itself is Samarinda Mayor Regulation Number 11 of 2022 concerning Community Development and Empowerment Programs (Pro Bebaya).

Implementation of Community Development and Empowerment Program Policy (Pro Bebaya) in Sungai Dama Village, Samarinda Ilir District, Samarinda City Input
Input related to the Implementation of Community Development and Empowerment Program (Pro Bebaya) Policy in Sungai Dama Village, Samarinda Ilir District, Samarinda City is related to the budget allocated and available human resources, both for Village Facilities and Infrastructure Development Activities and Community Empowerment in Sub-district, where the budget accommodated for Village Facilities and Infrastructure Development Activities is Rp.2,008,900,000 (two billion eight million nine hundred thousand Rupiah) and the budget accommodated for Community Empowerment Activities in Sub-district amounted to Rp. 1,744,900,000 (one billion seven hundred forty-four million nine hundred thousand Rupiah), so that the total budget accommodated for Village Facilities and Infrastructure Development Activities and Community Empowerment in Sungai Dama Village amounted to Rp. 3,753,800,000 (three billion seven hundred fifty three million eight hundred thousand Rupiah).