Analysis of the Relationship Between WBS, SOP, BIM, LS, and IS for Dam Maintenance
Downloads
Dams are critical national infrastructure assets that the Indonesian government has developed extensively over the past decade to improve water security and mitigate the impacts of drought and extreme weather events. This large-scale development has created increasing demands for effective and sustainable dam maintenance. At present, dam maintenance activities have not been systematically implemented using a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)-based approach. Ideally, maintenance performance should be optimized by first identifying the complete scope of maintenance components and then developing maintenance guidelines and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for each identified component. These WBS-based maintenance procedures and guidelines can subsequently be integrated into a maintenance management model using Building Information Modeling (BIM). To support real-time monitoring and inspection, laser scanning (LS) technology can be integrated with BIM and information systems (IS). This study forms part of the development of an electronic dam maintenance (e-maintenance) system by examining the relationships among the key components of the proposed framework, namely WBS, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), BIM, laser scanning (LS), and information systems (IS), and their influence on improving dam maintenance performance. Multiple regression analysis, followed by expert validation, was employed to evaluate the significance of these variables in the proposed dam maintenance system. The results indicate strong relationships among the variables, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.714 to 0.822. Among the variables, WBS exhibited the strongest influence on dam maintenance performance, with the highest standardized regression coefficient (b = 0.237), whereas the remaining variables produced coefficients ranging from 0.048 to 0.173.
Anwar, H. F., Latief, Y., & Wardahni, N. I. (2024). Development of operational standards procedures for maintenance and maintenance of public railway infrastructure and electrical mechanical and architectural components in WBS-based station buildings to improve maintenance and maintenance performance. International Research Journal of Engineering, IT & Scientific Research, 10(4), 95–108. https://doi.org/10.21744/irjeis.v10n4.2446
Aziz, N., Nawawi, A., & Ariff, N. R. (2016). Building Information Modelling (BIM) in Facilities Management: Opportunities to be Considered by Facility Managers. AMER International Conference on Quality of Life, 353–362.
Bilqis, S., & Latief, Y. (2023). Development of E-Maintenance in Heritage Building Based on Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) using Building Information Modelling (BIM) to Improve Building Maintenance Performance. Universitas Indonesia.
Burghate, M. (2018). Work Breakdown Structure: Simplifying Project Management. International Journal of Commerce and Management Studies, 3(2).
Chen, J., Wu, J., & Qu, Y. (2020). Monitoring Construction Progress Based on 4D BIM Technology. The 6th International Conference on Environmental Science and Civil Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/455/1/012034
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (5th (ed.)). SAGE Publications, Inc.
Elsye, V., Latief, Y., & Sagita, L. (2018). Development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Standard for Producing the Risk Based Structural Work Safety Plan of Building. MATEC Web of Conferences, 147. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814706003
Faisal, M. H., & Alwi, A. B. (2017). Penyusunan Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) Pemeliharaan Infrastruktur Pada Politeknik Negeri Ketapang. Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Tanjungpura, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.26418/jtst.v17i2.38293
Heleno, A. F. (2021). BIM for Information Management in Structural Safety Control of Embankment Dams. European Master in Building Information Modelling.
Lee, D. G., Park, J. Y., & Song, S. H. (2018). BIM-Based Construction Information Management Framework for Site Information Management. Advances in Civil Engineering, 1–14.
Li, C. Z., Guo, Z., Su, D., Xiao, B., & Tam, V. W. Y. (2022). The Application of Advanced Information Technologies in Civil Infrastructure Construction and Maintenance. Sustainability, 14(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137761
Pradika, P. A., Latief, Y., Muslim, F., & Riantini, L. S. (2020). Development of WBS Dictionary and Checklist for Safety Planning on Dam Construction Project. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 599, 12059.
Rakyat, K. P. U. dan P. (2018). Modul 3: Prinsip Dasar Sistem Teknologi BIM dan Implementasinya di Indonesia. Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat.
Riantini, L. S., Wardahni, N. I., Latief, Y., & Machfudiyanto, R. A. (2020). Structural equation model relationship between policy, Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), Guidelines, Information System (IS), and Building Information Modeling (BIM) on maintenance perfomance of high rise building. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 13(10), 2660–2667. https://doi.org/10.37624/IJERT.13.10.2020.2660-2667
Rocque Jr., A. J. (2001). Guidelines for Inspection and Maintenance of Dams. Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection.
Rosytha, A., & Suryana, W. M. (2023). Peran unit pengelola bendungan dalam pengelolaan bendungan berkelanjutan di Satker OP BBWS Brantas (Studi kasus UPB Bendungan Babjulmati dan Bendungan Nipah). Publikasi Riset Orientasi Teknik Sipil (Proteksi), 5(1), 44–50.
Swarabramesta, G. E., Riantini, L. S., Latief, Y., & Saleh, T. (2025). Integration of Laser Scanner Technology Based on Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) to Enhance Dam Maintenance Performance. AJESH, 4(6), 766–777. https://doi.org/10.46799/ajesh.v4i6.571
Tang, P., Huber, D., Akinci, B., Lipman, R., & Lytle, A. (2010). Automatic Reconstruction of As-Built Building Information Models from Laser-Scanned Point Clouds: A Review of Related Techniques. Automation in Construction, 19(7), 829–843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2010.06.007
Wang, C., & Cho, Y. K. (2015). Performance Evaluation of Automatically Generated BIM from Laser Scanner Data for Sustainability Analyses. International Conference on Sustainable Design, Engineering and Construction.
Wangchuk, J., Banihashemi, S., Abbasianjahromi, H., & Antwi-Afari, M. (2024). Building Information Modelling in Hydropower Infrastructures: Design, Engineering and Management Perspectives. Infrastructures, 9, 98–123. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9070098
Widharani, G. W., Latief, Y., Sagita, L., Saleh, T., & Budi, N. (2024). Analysis of the Relationship between Policy, Organization, BIM, WBS, Laser Scanner, and Information Systems with Dam Maintenance Performance. International Journal of Modern Research in Engineering and Technology, 9(12).
Yin, R. K. (2003). Case Study Research: Design and Methods (3rd ed., Vol. 5).
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Zhou, Y., Bao, T., Shu, X., Li, Y., & Li, Y. (2023). BIM and Ontology-Based Knowledge Management for Dam Safety Monitoring. Automation in Construction, 145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104649
Copyright (c) 2026 Toha Saleh, Yusuf Latief, Dwita Sutjiningsih
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International. that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
