The Effect of Perceived Parental Support and Perceived Peer Support on Psychological Well-Being Among Adolescents Through Self-Esteem
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This study examined the influence of perceived parental support and perceived peer support on adolescents’ psychological well-being, with self-esteem as a mediating variable. A quantitative correlational approach was employed involving 122 high school students aged 15–18 years in Bekasi Regency, who were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using four adapted psychological instruments and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0. The results showed that both parental support (O = 0.545, p < 0.05) and peer support (O = 0.435, p < 0.05) had positive and significant direct effects on psychological well-being and self-esteem. Self-esteem was also found to significantly mediate the effects of parental support (O = 0.115, p < 0.05) and peer support (O = 0.122, p < 0.05) on psychological well-being. Notably, within the urban-industrial context of Bekasi Regency, peer support demonstrated a slightly stronger role in shaping self-esteem (O = 0.498) compared with parental support (O = 0.470). These findings highlight that the internalization of social support into positive self-esteem represents an important mechanism for improving adolescent psychological well-being. The findings also provide practical implications for parents, educators, and policymakers in developing effective support interventions to promote adolescent mental health.
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