Triadic Reciprocal Determinism and Rational Choice Theory: A Case Study of Rohingya Refugee
Background: The similarities among the refugee looks like a phenomenon that needs further research. Those theories are a part of behaviorism and the decision-making approach. It can be used to predict alternatives choice and also which alternatives the actor or agent will determine.
Aim: This study tries to analyze the behavior of Rohingya refugees with triadic reciprocal determinism and rational choice theory. It also profoundly concerns how the decision to act adopted by refugees is almost similar, whether in steps or goals.
Method: This research uses a qualitative approach and sources from journals, articles, and interviews from online news. All the data sources will be analyzed with the theory already mentioned above.
Findings: While Rohingya get safe and are placed in a temporary camp, some flee and do not want to wait for status determination. They have similar goals and behaviors that guide them to choose better alternatives. Being smuggled by a third party is one of the rational choices they make. That choice is determined based on behavior that constructs their rationale. Factors in triadic reciprocal determinism are also related to alternatives choice that they make, which is part of the social cognitive process.
Abdullah, S. M. (2019). Social cognitive theory: A Bandura thought review published in 1982-2012. PSIKODIMENSIA, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.24167/psidim.v18i1.1708
Achiron, M. (2014). Nationality and statelessness: Handbook for parliamentarians No. 22. UNHCR.
Aguiar, F., & de Francisco, A. (2009). Rational choice, social identity, and beliefs about oneself. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 39(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/0048393109333631
Albert, E., & Maizland, L. (2020, January 23). The Rohingya Crisis. https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/rohingya-crisis.
Amadae, S. M. (2016). Rational choice theory. https://www.britannica.com/topic/rational-choice-theory.
BBC Indonesia. (2022, February 21). Pengungsi Rohingya kabur dari Indonesia ke Malaysia: “Berani bayar Rp 20 juta untuk kirim saudara.” https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-60386309.
CNN Indonesia. (2022, March 21). Warga usir ratusan pengungsi Rohingya di Aceh. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20220320235436-20-773957/warga-usir-ratusan-pengungsi-rohingya-di-aceh.
Cunningham, E. (2021, December 31). Refugee rescue off Indonesian coast highlights plight of Rohingya minority. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/12/31/rohingya-refugees-indonesia/.
Cupi, A. A. (2021). Restriction on education for Rohingya communities. https://globalhistorydialogues.org/projects/restrictions-on-education-for-rohingya-communities.
Elster, J. (2009). Interpretation and rational choice. Rationality and Society, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/1043463108099347
Firdausi, A. (2022, June 3). Pengungsi Rohingya kabur ke Malaysia, Kesbangpol Pekanbaru duga ada sindikat. https://riau.antaranews.com/berita/284765/pengungsi-rohingya-kabur-ke-malaysia-kesbangpol-pekanbaru-duga-ada-sindikat.
Fuller, T. (2012). Crisis in Myanmar over Buddhist-Muslim clash. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/11/world/asia/state-of-emergency-declared-in-western-myanmar.html.
Holmes, O. (2017, September 4). Myanmar blocks all UN aid to civilians at heart of Rohingya crisis. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/sep/04/myanmar-blocks-all-un-aid-to-civilians-at-heart-of-rohingya-crisis.
Hossain, F. M. A., & Ali, Md. K. (2014). Relation between individual and society. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 02(08). https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2014.28019
iSALT Team. (2014). Social cognitive theory (No. 4; ISALT Resources: Theories, Concepts, and Measures).
Juwana, H. (2017, September 11). Tragedi kemanusiaan atas etnik Rohingya. https://m.mediaindonesia.com/read/detail/121814-tragedi-kemanusiaan-atas-etnik-rohingya.
LaMorte, W. W. (2019). The social cognitive theory. https://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/mph-modules/sb/behavioralchangetheories/behavioralchangetheories5.html.
Lusiana, V., & Maruto, R. (2022). Pekanbaru persiapkan tempat penampungan pengungsi Rohingya dari Aceh. https://riau.antaranews.com/berita/276181/pekanbaru-persiapkan-tempat-penampungan-pengungsi-rohingya-dari-aceh.
Mardila, R. (2020). Rohingya’s in search for security: An introduction to human security concept through Rohingya’ lens. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.15408/jisi.v1i1.17107
Marshall, A. R. C. (2015, February 17). In Rohingya camp, tension mount over Myanmar plan to revoke ID cards. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-myanmar-rohingya-iduskbn0ll05320150217.
McCarthy, J. (2018, August 31). Myanmar army accused of blocking critical humanitarian aid. https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/myanmar-accused-denying-relief-aid-human-rights.
Middleton IV, R. T., & Flores, T. (2020). Towards a model of reducing statelessness: An analysis of the efficacy of chile’s statelessness reduction plan, #CHILERECONOCE. SCIO: Revista de Filosofía, 19. https://doi.org/10.46583/scio_2020.19.719
Nickerson, C. (2021, December 15). Rational choice theory. https://www.simplypsychology.org/rational-choice-theory.html.
Nurman, M. A. (2022, June 30). Lagi, 41 pengungsi Rohingya kabur. https://riaupos.jawapos.com/pekanbaru/30/06/2022/276714/lagi-41-pengungsi-rohingya-kabur.html.
Ogu, M. I. (2013). Rational choice theory?: Assumptions , strenghts , and greatest weaknesses in application outside the Western milieu context. Nigerian Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.12816/0003628
PennState. (2014). Refugees and the social learning theory. https://sites.psu.edu/aspsy/2014/12/01/refugees-and-the-social-learning-theory/#:~:text=if%20we%20take%20into%20account,of%20other%27s%20behavior%20and%20attitudes.
Rappler. (2015, May 17). Pengungsi Rohingya dan impian bertemu keluarga di Malaysia. https://www.rappler.com/world/93451-pengungsi-rohingya-keluarga-malaysia-myanmar/.
Syukur, M. (2022, June 4). Kabur lagi dari penampungan, ada apa dengan pengungsi Rohingya di Pekanbaru? https://www.liputan6.com/regional/read/4977972/kabur-lagi-dari-penampungan-ada-apa-dengan-pengungsi-rohingya-di-pekanbaru .
Tambunan, L. (2021, January 26). Ratusan pengungsi Rohingya di Aceh “kabur”, Indonesia menjadi “titik lemah.” https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-55798047.
Westin, J. (2022). Social cognitive theory. https://jackwestin.com/resources/mcat-content/theories-of-attitude-and-behavior-change/social-cognitive-theory.
Yulika, N. C. (2021, December 30). Tak ikut ratifikasi Konvensi 1951, mengapa Indonesia tetap tampung pengungsi Rohingya? https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/4844739/tak-ikut-ratifikasi-konvensi-1951-mengapa-indonesia-tetap-tampung-pengungsi-rohingya.
Yumitro, G. (2017). Respon dunia internasional terhadap tragedi kemanusiaan Rohingya. JURNAL SOSIAL POLITIK, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.22219/sospol.v3i2.4886
Copyright (c) 2022 Valentia Nadya Dasadwiastaning

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International. that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.


